What is Multiple Sclerosis?
Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease of the central nervous system. Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune
disease. The main target of this immune attack is the myelin covering over the axions. The axions are part of the neuron (nerve
cells) and are used to transmit information to other nerve cells. Efficient transmission is maintained with the presence of
myelin. Neurological signs typical of Multiple Sclerosis occur when there is a breakdown of myelin.
Prevalance of Multiple Sclerosis
The prevalance of Multiple Sclerosis is highest in North America, northern Europe and Southern Australia. In North America,
the highest rate is in Southern Canada and northeastern United States. Studies have indicated that early life residence influences
the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. These findings suggest environmental factors for the development of the disease,
though nothing concrete has been established. Additional evidence suggest genetic factors play a role. Genetic markers have
been found in select populations with MS but the mode of transmission and influence of additional genes is not understood.
Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis is based on clinical attacks and MRI evidence of typical lesions. The use of MRI for multiple
sclerosis has evolved as a valuable tool used to establish an early diagnosis and monitor disease progression.
Types of Multiple Sclerosis
There are typical patterns for the disease course and patients can be categorized into the following groups: Relapsing
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Secondary Progressive MS, Primary Progressive MS, Progressive Relapsing MS and Neurolmyeltis
Optica.There are different approaches and treatments for the above listed forms of MS.
